The Mirror of the Excellences of Islam — Page 721
720 ΑΙΝΑ-Ε-ΚΑMĀLĀT-E-ISLAM-DAFI UL-WASĀWIS Mudabbirāt Meaning, those beings or groups of people who plan, manage and conduct the affairs entrusted to them in an excellent manner. Mudghah Lit. lump of flesh, 'Alaqah. see Muhaddath A recipient of Divine rev- elation. Plural is Muhaddathūn. Muhsin Muhsin signifies 'one who strives to be perfect in good deeds. A famous saying of the Holy Prophet describes the Muhsin as one who does a good deed as if he is actually seeing God or that at least God is seeing him (Bukhāri & Muslim). Mujaddid Reformer. Holy personages Muttaqi A Muttaqi (righteous per- son), therefore, is one who is ever on his guard against sins and takes God for his shield or shelter. The plural is Muttaqqin. Muwahhid Literally meaning a believer in the Oneness of God. All Mus- lims, by virtue of subscribing to the Kalimah-e-Tauhid, are muwahhidin. However, the term muwahhidin has been adopted by some Muslims who consider the Quran and hadith to be sufficient sources of guidance and do not follow any Imam. Muwahhidin Plural of muwahhid, lit- erally meaning a believer in the Unity of God. within Islam who appeared at the Nubūwwat Prophethood. head of every century. Mulham Recipient of ilham, or divine revelation. Nafs-e-Ammarah The self that incites to evil. The lowest of three spiritual states; also an-nafsul-ammārah. Mulhid An atheist; someone who de- Nafs-e-Mutma'innah There are three nies the existence of God. Munshi Meaning secretary or scribe. It is a title far below that of the maulawi, who is formally trained in Islamic studies. Mustafa The Chosen One, a title of honour used for the Holy Prophet Muhammadsas. Mutawātir ma'nawī refers to narrations with essentially the same meaning transmitted through multiple and in- dependent sources, making it impossi- ble to be a fabrication. stages of the nafs [self]: Nafs-e-ammā- rah, lawwāmah, and mutma'innah. In Nafs-e-mutma'innah, the tranquil soul, achieved when all inner conflict ceases, leaving one in perfect harmony with the divine will. This state repre- sents spiritual completion where the lower self has been fully subdued, es- tablishing inner peace and eliminat- ing all tendencies toward discord or moral corruption Nawab An honorific title ratified and bestowed by Mughal emperors to semi-autonomous Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. The fe- male equivalent is 'Begum' or 'Nawab Begum.