Dictionary of The Holy Quran — Page 506
ضعف ضعف condition if they do not quit it and betake themselves to other pastures; a certain dry, bitter plant having large thorns; a certain plant in water that has become altered for the worse by standing or the like; wine; thin wine or thin beverage; the skin that is upon the bone, beneath the flesh of the rib. مِنْ ضَرِبْعِ : That of dry, bitter and thorny herbage (88:7). ضَعُفَ and ضَعَفَ ]inf. noun ضَعْفٌ and صُعْفٌ[ : He or it was or became weak, feeble, faint, frail, infirm or unsound (cont of( ضَعُفَ قَوِىَ عَنِ الشَّيْءِ : He lacked the strength or ability to do the thing. ضَعُفَ also signifies it (a thing) exceeded (syn. ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ زَادَ وَالْمَطْلُوْبُ : Weak indeed are both the seeker and the sought (اِضْعَافُ inf. noun) اَضْعَفَهُ and (مُضَاعَفَةٌ inf. noun) ضَاعَفَهُ (22:74) لک and ضَعَّفَهُ )inf. noun تَضْعِيْفٌ : He doubled it or trebled it or redoubled it or simply increased or multiplied it indefinitely. مُضْعِفُوْنَ is plural of مُضْعِفٌ which is act. part. from أُولئِكَ هُمُ الْمُضْعِفُوْنَ : It is these who will increase it manifold )30:40(. الْمُضَاعَفَةُ وَالْإِضْعَافُ وَالتَّضْعِيفُ : All signify the addition to a thing so as to make it double or twofold or several-fold or many-fold. يُضَاعَفُ لَهُمُ الْعَذَابُ : Punishment will be doubled or increased many-fold for them )11:21( لاتَأْكُلُوا الرِّبو أَضْعَافًا مُّضَاعَفَةً : Do not devour interest increased manifold )3:11( ضِعْفُ الشَّيْءِ : The like of the thing that doubles it (plural( اَلضّعْفُ أَضْعَاتٌ 6 means the like. This is the original signification, then by later use it came to mean, the like and more, the addition being unlimited هذا ضِعْفُهُ means, this is the double of it and the treble of it and more, because ضِعْفٌ is an unlimited addition. هذَا ضِعْفُ هَذَا : This is the like of this. لَکَ ضِعْفُهُ : Thou shall have twice the like of it or thrice the like of it and more without limit. لَا ذَقْنَاكَ ضِعْفَ الْحَيَوةِ وَضِعْفَ الْمَمَاتِ : We would have made thee taste similar or like afflictions of life and similar afflictions of death or taste of double punishment in life and double punishment after death They will have a double reward : فَأُولئِكَ لَهُمْ جَزَاءُ الضّعْفِ . (17:76) )34:38( فَاتِهِمْ عَذَابًا ضِعْفًا : So Thou give them a double punishment )7:39( فَأَتَتْ أُكُلَهَا ضِعْفَيْنَ : It brings forth its fruit twofold )2:266( فَيُصْعِفَهُ لَهُ أَضْعَافًا كَثِيرَةً : He (God) may multiply it 506