Dictionary of The Holy Quran — Page 449
شکر شک man and their being equal. It is a kind or species of جَهْلٌ but it is more special than this for جَهْلٌ is sometimes the utter non-existence of knowledge of the two inconsistent things; so that every شَكٍّ is جَهْلٌ but every جَهْلٌ is not شَكٍّ. According to some, the primary meaning is a state of commotion or disturbance of the heart and mind; scandal, hesitation, suspicion; a kind of medicine which kills rats; a seam of a garment. آفِي اللَّهِ شَكٍّ : Is there doubt concerning Allah )14:11(? شَكَرَ aor. يَشْكُرُ inf. noun شُكْرٌ and شُكُورٌ and شَكَرَهُ وَشَكَرَ لَهُ شُكْرَانٌ : He thanked him; he praised or commended him for a benefit; he was grateful or thankful to him, or he acknowledged his beneficence and spoke of it largely . شَكَرَ اللَّهَ وَشَكَرَ لِلَّهَ وَبِاللَّهِ وَنِعْمَةَ اللهِ وَبِنِعْمَةِ اللَّهِ : He thanked God for His beneficence, or he was grateful to God for His beneficence and spoke of it largely; he acknowledged the beneficence of God and acted in the manner incumbent upon him in rendering Him obedience and abstaining from disobedience. لَئِنْ شَكَرْتُمْ لَا زِيدَنَّكُمْ : If you are grateful, I will surely bestow more on you )148( أَشْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللهِ : And be grateful to God for His bounty )16:115( أَنِ اشْكُرْ لِلَّهِ : Be grateful to Allah )31:13( شُكْرٌ )thankfulness) is of three kinds: و (1) with the heart or mind, which consists in forming an adequate idea of the benefit received; (2) with the tongue, which consists in praising, eulogizing or commending the benefactor; and (3) with the limbs, which consists in requiting the benefit received according to its desert. It rests upon five foundations: (a) humility of him who renders it towards him to whom it is rendered; (b) his love of him; (c) his acknowledgement of his benefit; (d) his eulogizing him for it; (e) his not making use of the benefit in a manner which he )who has conferred it may) dislike. This is شُكْرٌ on the part of و 28 و man. شُكْرٌ on the part of God consists in forgiving a person or commending him, or regarding him with satisfaction, goodwill or favour, and hence necessarily recompensing or rewarding him. شُكْرٌ sometimes differs from حَمْدٌ for شُكْرٌ is only on account of favour received; whereas حَمْدٌ is sometimes because 28 449