The Criterion for Religions — Page vii
1 t t J -?, strongly articulated z. ', a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. gh, a sound approached very nearly m the r 'grasseye' in French, and in the German r. It re- quires the muscles of the throat to be in the 'gargling' position whilst pronouncing it. q, a deep guttural k sound. ', a sort of catch in the voice. Short vowels are represented by: a for. ,,, (like u in 'bud'); i for ,,,, (like i in 'bid'); u for ,,J (like oo in 'wood'); Long vowels by: a for-~- or T (like a in 'father'); 1 for ,. ;. ,,, or 1 (like ee in 'deep'); u for. . J ,,J (like oo in 'root'); Other: ai au for,. ; -----(like i in 'site')\ for. . J. ,,, (resembling au in 'sound'). Please note that in transliterated words the letter 'e' is to be pronounced as in 'prey' which rhymes with 'day'; how- ever the pronunciation is flat without the element of English diphthong. If in Urdu and Persian words 'e' is • In Arabic words like ~ (Shaikh) there is an element of diphthong which is missing when the word is pronounced in Urdu. vii