With Love to Muhammad (sa) - The Khatam-un-Nabiyyin — Page 77
Last Law-bearing Prophet sa 77 to deliver any apples and (2) not to deliver any more sweets. Both of these statements are of an absolute scope and do not allow for any exceptions. Suppose the supplier were to logically combine the two statements together. According to the faulty Ahmad ī logic, he would yield the following result: [No more apples] + [No more sweets] = [No more sweet apples] Based on the above conclusion, the supplier could send the grocery store owner non-sweet apples without violating his instructions. This analysis is clearly flawed. When two rules are combined, the resulting rule should satisfy the two producing rules individually. However, according to the erroneous rule produced above, the supplier could deliver non-sweet apples. Non-sweet apples are a subset of apples. Statement 1 said no apples, be they sweet or non-sweet. The combination of the two rules is not correct. The accurate combination of the two rules is below: [No more apples] + [No more sweets] = X [No more apples] + [No more sweets] = [No more apples] + [No more sweets] [No more apples] + [No more sweets] = [No more] * ( [apples] + [sweets] ) [No more apples] + [No more sweets] = [No more apples and no more sweets] (The final statement can be rewritten as [no more apples or sweets])