The Holy Quran with Five Volume Commentary (Vol 2) — Page 205
PT. 5 AN-NISA' CH. 4 وَلِكُلِّ جَعَلْنَا مَوَالِي مَا تَرَكَ الْوَالِدَنِ And to every one We have. 34 وَالْاَقْرَبُونَ وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ b appointed heirs to what the parents and the relations leave, فَاتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ إِنَّ اللهَ كَانَ عَلَى and also those with whom your oaths have ratified a contract. So give them their portion. Surely, Allah watches over all things. 511 R. 6. 35. Men are guardians over women because Allah has made some كُلِّ شَيْءٍ شَهِيدان الرِّجَالُ قَوْمُوْنَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ بِمَا فَضَّلَ اللهُ بَعْضَهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ وَبِمَا أَنْفَقُوا of them excel مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ فَالصُّلِحت نت (others, and because they (men حفظتُ لِلْغَيْبِ بِمَا حَفِظَ الله spend of their wealth. So virtuous women are those who a4:8. 2:229. 2:238; 4:33. b bounty and grace, for Allah's bounty inherits if he dies leaving no heir; a and grace are unbounded. The words, Men shall have a share of that which they have earned, etc. , contain the key to national progress and advance. Both men and women get what they earn and deserve. So we should not wish evil for others but should work and pray. This is the way to succeed in life and to win the pleasure of God. The words also reveal the equality of men and so far as their work and women reward are concerned. 511. Important Words: (heirs) is derived from J, and is the plural of which means, lord or chief; master or owner; son of a paternal uncle; or a relation such as a son of a paternal uncle and the like; a freedman whom the emancipator is bound to aid and whose property he 645 slave; emancipator of a slave; a neighbour; an ally; a friend or helper; a follower; a partner; an heir, etc. (Lane & Lisān). Commentary: The verse may also be rendered thus: "To every one We have appointed heirs to what he leaves. They are the parents, the relations and those with whom your oaths have ratified a contract. So give them their portion. " Again, the verse may also be rendered as: "To everything which parents and relations leave we have appointed heirs, etc. " The words, with whom your oaths have ratified a contract, signify "spouses" embracing both husbands and wives. The pronoun "them" in the clause, so give them their portion, refers to, and stands for, the noun