The Holy Quran with Five Volume Commentary (Vol 2) — Page 189
PT. 4 R. 3. AN-NISA' CH. 4 وَالَّتِى يَأْتِيْنَ الْفَاحِشَةَ مِنْ نِّسَا بِكُمْ فَاسْتَشْهِدُوا عَلَيْهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةً مِنْكُمْ فَإِنْ call to witness four of you 16. "And those of your women who are guilty of lewdness— against them; and if they bear the houses until death overtake them or Allah open for them a Way. 496 شَهِدُوا فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ فِي الْبُيُوتِ حَتَّى witness, then confine them to يَتَوَفَّهُنَّ الْمَوْتُ أَوْ يَجْعَلَ اللهُ لَهُنَّ سبيلا "4:20, 26; 24:20. (residuary) and in other cases he may means, the woman became be simply an 'Aşaba. foul or ugly. a means, he vied with him or strove to surpass him in foul or obscene speech or language, etc. The Dhawul-Fara'id (sharers) are 12 in number, four males and eight females. The males are: 1. father, 2. therefore means, an excess or paternal grandfather, 3. husband and 4. half-brother on the maternal side. The females are: (1) daughter, (2) son's daughter, (3) mother, (4) wife, (5) full sister, (6) half-sister paternal side, (7) half-sister on maternal side, and (8) grandmother whether paternal or maternal. on The 'Aşabāt (residuaries) are of four kinds: (1) ascendants of the deceased, i. e. father, paternal grandfather, etc. (2) descendants of the deceased, i. e. son, son's son, etc. (3) descendants of the father of the deceased, i. e. full brother, brother's son, etc. (4) descendants of the grandfather, i. e. full paternal uncle, paternal uncle's son, etc. 496. Important Words: (lewdness) is derived from enormity or anything exceeding the bounds of rectitude; or a thing excessively and enormously foul, evil, immoral, lewd or obscene; a sin or crime which is excessively foul; adultery or fornication. besides giving the same meaning as a also signifies avarice or niggardliness in the payment of Zakāh or the poor-rate (Lane). Commentary: The women referred to in this verse are those guilty of foul or immoral conduct short of adultery. Abū Muslim and Mujāhid, among others, have also held this view. The words, confine them to the houses until death overtake them or Allah open for them a way, mean that be prevented from mixing with other women until they reform themselves or get married, they should فحش الامر They say. فحش the matter or the affair or the thing was or became foul, evil, immodest or lewd; or it became excessively foul, etc. | marriage being an effective means of 629