The Mirror of the Excellences of Islam — Page 723
722 ΑΙΝΑ-Ε-ΚΑMĀLĀT-E-ISLAM-DAFI UL-WASĀWIS Sayyedul-Muqarrabīn A title mean- ing 'Chief of all the Elects' (i. e. those who are close to God) referring to the Holy Prophet Muhammad. See Holy Prophet. Sha'ban The eighth month in the lunar calendar. Shariah Religious law of Islam. The term is also used in the general sense of any revealed law. Shaikhul-Kull A title meaning 'the ultimate scholar' or 'master of everything'; also referred to as 'the shaikh of all things, signifying the highest authority in knowledge or leadership. Shirk Associating partners with Allah. Sufi A Muslim focusing on mystical and ascetic aspects of religious worship. Sūrah A chapter of the Holy Quran. Tahajjud Early morning supereroga- tory prayers. Takfir The practice of adjudging Mus- lims as non-Muslims, used chiefly by Muslims. Taqwa Righteousness. Fear of God. Tauhid The Oneness of God-the fun- damental Islamic belief that there is none worthy of worship except Allah. Tehsil A sub-district administrative area in parts of India. Tehsildar A sub-collector of revenue. Tasnim Tasnim is taken to be a foun- tain in Paradise; water coming from above: the knowledge of God. Figu- ratively, it means, the Word of God. Also, are revelations that are sent down to the Chosen Ones of God- the righteous followers of the Holy Prophet. Ummah The community or followers of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsas. Ummul-Qurā Lit. Mother of towns; it is an epithet for Makkah. Vedas The most ancient Hindu scrip- tures, written in Sanskrit. Wahy Divine revelation from God, used interchangeably with ilham in Islamic terminology. Wali Literally, 'friend. In the terminol- ogy of Islamic mysticism, it refers to a very pious person or a friend of Al- lah. The singular form is walī [friend] or Waliyyullah [Friend of Allah], the plural form is Auliyā'ullāh which is sometimes abbreviated as Auliyā. Walimah Walimah is, that the one who is having his nikāḥ [getting married], feeds his friends after the nikah. Yathrib or Yathrab This was the name of Madinah before the Hijrah. Zindīq A heretic; someone accused of opposing or corrupting religious be- liefs.