Malfuzat - Volume VII — Page 538
538 MALFUZAT - ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF URDU VOLUME 7 Ramadan The ninth month of the lu- nar calendar, in which fasting is pre- scribed for all adult, able-bodied Muslims, except those traveling, ill, pregnant, or nursing. Rubūbiyyat Lit. Providence. Allah's at- tribute of sustaining or nurturing. Sahib A title of respect similar to di- verse English terms like Mister, Hon- ourable, and Revered. Şalāt Five daily Prayers that are obliga- tory for Muslims. Shariah Religious law of Islam. The term is also used in the general sense of any revealed law. Shirk Associating partners with God. Sufi A Muslim focusing on mystical and ascetic aspects of religious worship. Sunnah In the context of the for- mal Prayer, refers to those rak'at that the Holy Prophetsas offered but are not prescribed as obligatory and are dropped while travelling. Sunnah rakāt are offered regularly by practic- ing Muslims. Sūrah A chapter of the Holy Quran. Tabi'in The generation of pious Mus- lims after the generations of the Com- panions. Tahajjud Early morning supereroga- tory prayers. Taqwa Righteousness. Fear of God. Tasbih Expressing glory of God by re- citing Subhān Allāh [Holy is Allah] Tauhid The Oneness of God-the fun- damental Islamic belief that there is no one worthy of worship except Al- lah. Tirmidhi A book which contains collections of ahādīth. Ulema A class of Muslim scholars. Ummat-e-Muhamadiyyah The com- munity or followers of the Holy Prophet Muhammadsas. Ummati A follower of Holy Prophetsas. Vedas The most ancient Hindu scrip- tures, written in Sanskrit and contain- ing hymns, philosophy, and guidance on ritual for the priests of the Vedic religion. Wahi Divine revelation from God, used interchangeably with ilhām in Islamic terminology. Wali Literally, 'friend. In the terminol- ogy of Islamic mysticism, it refers to a very pious person or a friend of Allah. The singular form is walī [friend] or waliyyullāh [friend of Allah], the plu- ral form is auliya'ullāh which is some- times abbreviated as auliyā. Zakat The fourth pillar in Islam known as obligatory almsgiving, which con- stitutes the social support system in Islam for the distribution of wealth. The poor and needy are provided for by the contributions of the rich and affluent. Literally means, 'increase' or 'purification. ' Zuhr Lit. midday, noon. Refers to the early afternoon Prayer (one of the five daily Prayers in Islam).