Malfuzat - Volume VII — Page xxix
PUBLISHER'S NOTE xxix و ق – a deep guttural k sound. ء a sort of catch in the voice. Short vowels are represented by: a for i for и for و Long vowels by: (like u in bud). (like i in bid). (like oo in wood). ā for or î (like a in father). for or (like ee in deep). 1 for (like oo in root). Other vowels by: ai for aufor (like i in site). (resembling ou in sound). The consonants not included in the above list have the same phonetic value as in the principal languages of Europe. While the Arabic i is represented by n, we have indicated the Urdu ںas n. As noted above, the single quotation mark‘is used for transliterating which is dis- tinct from the apostrophe' used for ۶۰ We have not transliterated some Arabic words which have become part of English language, e. g. Islam, Quran, Hadith, Mahdi, jihad, Ramadan, and ummah. The Royal Asiatic Society's rules of transliter- ation for names of persons, places, and other terms, are not followed throughout the book as many of the names contain non-Arabic charac- ters and carry a local transliteration and pronunciation style.