Early Writings — Page 8
8 THE 'necessary beings' like Him, it would rationally be impossible and unthinkable for them to be subordinate to Him. For one 'neces- sary being' cannot be in the control of another 'necessary being, as this would constitute circular logic and entail infinite regress. However, the current position, on which both parties are in agreement, is that all souls are being controlled by God and none are out of His control. This proves that they all have been brought into existence and have been created, and that none of them is God or the necessary being. Quod erat demonstrandum. The second is a quia demonstration, which is an argument that moves from effect to cause. Refer to Surah al-Furqan: لَمْ يَكُن لَّهُ شَرِيكَ فِي الْمُلْكِ وَ خَلَقَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فَقَدَرَةَ تَقْدِيرًا That is, He has no partner in His sovereignty. He is the Creator of everything and the evident proof of His being the Creator is that He has created everything according to a fixed measure beyond which a thing cannot overstep; rather it must stay within and remain confined to a fixed parameter. In the language of logic, we can say that each body and soul is limited and confined within a particular parameter. And, everything that is confined and restricted to a particular parameter is bound to be subject to a restrictor and confiner. Hence, the conclusion is that for each body and soul there is a restrictor and confiner. Now, the proof of the first premise, i. e. all things are con- fined and working within a fixed parameter, is that rationality could suggest that there be greater qualities and characteristics 1. Surah al-Furqan, 25:3 [Publisher]