The Conclusive Argument — Page 28
28 THE CONCLUSIVE ARGUMENT foes, his neighbours, his brothers | من أعدائه وأحبائه وجيرانه his close companions, or his mater- nal aunts and mothers, his paternal aunts or his sisters, or all those who lived in those places, towns, and dwellings. We do not find any of them alive in this age. Thus, who- ever claims that only Jesus, out of all of them, survived and did not die, he declares him as an exceр- tion. Therefore, it lies upon him to prove this claim. You are aware that according to the Hanafis, there are four types of arguments to estab- lish the claims of the claimants, as is not hidden from scholars. First: [The argument that is] qat'i ath-thubūt wad-dala- lah [decisive in both authentic- ity and implication] which is free from every flaw and defect. For example, unambiguous Quranic || وإخوانه وخلانه وخالاته وأمهاته وعماته وأخواته، وكل من كان في تلك البلدان والديار والعمران، كلهم ماتوا وما نرى أحدًا منهم في هذا الزمان؛ فمن ادعى أن عيسى بقي منهم حيا وما دخل في الموتى فقد استثنى، فعليه أن يُثبت هذا الدعوى وأنت تعلم أن الأدلة عند الحنفيين لإثبات الثبوت ادعاء المدعين اربعة انواع كما لا يخفى على المتفقهين الأول قطعي والدلالة وليس فيها شيء من الضعف والكلالة كالآيات numerous uninterrupted chains القرآنية الصريحة، والأحاديث المتواترة الصحيحة، بشرط verses as well as those ahādīth that are mutawātir [possessing and sahih [authentic]-with the proviso that they are independ- ent of the interpretations of the interpreters and free from such