Talim-ul-Quran — Page 143
(الْمَاضِي الْقَرِيْب Madi Qarib). THE NEAR PERFECT. Addition of the word Qad is before any sigah (category) of the perfect tense changes it into a Mādī Qarīb. e. g. qad fa'ala Jaa (He has done) and qad fa'ala [These two (male) have done]. . The word Qad or Laqad when added before a sigah of the perfect tense also gives an emphasis to the meaning of the verb. eg. . (Indeed Karim has done) قَدْ فَعَلَ كَرِيمٌ qad faala Karimun ,Surely) قَدْ اَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُوْنَ In the Holy Qur'an it is stated: qad aflahal mu'minūna success does come to the believers, 23:2), walaqad khalaqnā fauqakum sab‘a ṭarā'iqa. And surely, We have created above you seven heavens) وَلَقَدْ خَلَقْنَا فَوْقَكُمْ سَبْعَ طَرَائِقَ lying one above the other, 23:18). Thus, Qad ja and Lagad have twofold role in changing the meaning: i. . They convert Mādī into Mādi Qarīb and ii. They give an emphasis to the meaning of the verb. الْمَاضِي الْقَرِيب,THE NEAR PERFECT Madi Qarib 1st Person (Male & Female) 2nd Person 2nd Person (Female) (Male) 3rd Person (Female) 3rd Person (Male) قَدْ فَعَلَتْ قَدْ فَعَلَ قَدْ فَعَلْتِ قَدْ فَعَلْتَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُ قَدْ فَعَلْتُمَا قَدْ فَعَلَتَا قَدْ فَعَلاَ قَدْ فَعَلْتُمَا قَدْ فَعَلْنَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُنَّ قَدْ فَعَلْتُمْ قَدْ فَعَلْنَ قَدْ فَعَلُوْا 143. Singular. Dual. Plural