The Philosophy of the Teachings of Islam — Page 101
95 He is the Gracious One. This means that before the coming into being of animates and before any action proceeding from them, out of His pure grace and not for any other purpose, nor as a reward for any action, He makes due provision for everyone; as for instance, He brought into being the sun and the earth and all other things for our benefit before we came into being and before any action had proceeded from us. This Divine bounty is designated Raḥmāniyyat in the Book of God, and on account of it God Almighty is called Raḥmān. He rewards righteous action richly and does not let go waste anyone's effort. Then He said: J that is on account of this attribute He is called Rahim, and the attribute is designated as Raḥīmiyyat. Then He said: 131 مُلِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ That is, He is the Master of the Day of Judgement. This means that He keeps the recompense of everyone in His own hand. He has appointed no agent to whom He has committed the governance of the heavens and the earth, having withdrawn from it altogether, being no longer concerned with it, leaving to the agent the determination of all recompense at all times. Then He said: 131. Master of the Day of Judgment. (The Holy Quran, al-Fātiḥah 1:4)