The Outset of Dissension in Islam — Page 152
152 H A D RAT MIRZA BASHIR-UD-DIN MAHMUD AHMAD ا at the beginning of a word, pronounced as a , i , u preceded by a very slight aspiration, like h in the English word ‘honour’. ث th , pronounced like th in the English word ‘ thing ’. ح h , a guttural aspirate, stronger than h. خ kh , pronounced like the Scotch ch in ‘ loch ’. ذ dh , pronounced like the English th in ‘ that ’. ص s , strongly articulated s. ض d , similar to the English th in ‘ this ’. ط t , strongly articulated palatal t. ظ z , strongly articulated z. ع ‘, a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. غ gh , a sound approached very nearly in the r ‘ grasseye ’ in French, and in the German r. It requires the muscles of the throat to be in the ‘gargling’ position whilst pronouncing it. ق q , a deep guttural k sound. ء ’, a sort of catch in the voice. Short vowels are represented by: a for (like u in ‘ bud ’) i for (like i in ‘ bid ’) u for (like oo in ‘ wood ’) Long vowels by: a for or آ (like a in ‘ father ’); i for ی or (like ee in ‘ deep ’); u for و (like oo in ‘ root ’); Other: ai for ی (like i in ‘ site ’);