The Life & Character of the Seal of Prophets (sa) - Volume II — Page 86
Seal of the Prophets - Volume II 86 37. In the case of emergency, numerous martyrs were buried in the same grave and upon such occasions, those people were lowered into the grave first who had committed more of the Holy Qur’ān to memory. Moreover, it was instructed that martyrs should be buried in the very field of battle. 38. The funeral prayer of martyrs was at times offered immediately after battle, and on some occasions, when a state of peace was not at hand, it was offered at another time. 39. It was insofar as possible, a practice of the Holy Prophet sa to arrange for the burial of the enemy dead as well. 1 40. Those who fought in the Islāmic wars were not paid. 41. The wealth of spoils was distributed according to the principle that the commander of the army would first select an item for himself from the spoils, which was known as a ‘Ṣafiyyah. ’ Then one-fifth of the entire wealth was put aside for God and His Messenger, after which the remaining wealth was equally divided amongst the army, whereby one who was mounted received two additional portions as compared to those on foot. Furthermore, the personal belongings on the body of a disbeliever who had been killed, was considered to be the right of the one who had killed him. 42. The one-fifth portion known as Khumus , which was put aside for God and His Messenger, was divided such that some of it was distributed amongst the family and relatives of the Holy Prophet sa. Most of it however, was spent on the collective religious and national needs of the Muslims. It is for this reason that on one occasion, the Holy Prophet sa said to the Companions that: “Except for the Khumus, it is unlawful for me to take even as much as the hair of a camel from the wealth of spoils, and: ْ وَالْخُمْس ُ مَرْدُوْد ٌ عَلَیْكُم ‘Even this Khumus is put to your use. ’” 2 1 Ar-Rauḍul-Unufi Fī Tafsīris-Sīratin-Nabawiyyati libni Hishām, By Abul-Qāsim ‘Abdur-Raḥmān bin ‘Abdillāh bin Aḥmad, Volume 3, p. 87, Ghazwatu Badrin - Ma‘nā Alqāhum Fil-Qalīb, Dārul-Kutubil- ‘Ilmiyyah, Beirut, Lebanon, First Edition 2 Al-Muwaṭṭā, By Imām Mālik bin Anas, Kitābul-Jihād, Bābu Mā Jā’a Fil-Ghulūli, Ḥadīth No. 994