Islam's Response to Contemporary Issues — Page xvi
xvi Islam’s response to contemporary issues Thus ے is transliterated as kei. For the nasal sound of n we have used the symbol n. Thus the Urdu word ں is transliterated as mei n. * The consonants not included in the above list have the same phonetic value as in the principal languages of Europe. We have not transliterated Arabic words which have become part of English language, e. g. , Islam, Mahdi, Quran † , Hijra, Ramadan, Hadith, ulama, umma, sunna, kafir, pukka, etc. . Curved commas are used in the system of transliteration, ‘ for ع , ’ for ء. Commas as punctuation marks are used according to the normal usage. Similarly, normal usage is followed for the apostrophe. * These transliterations are not included in the system of transliteration by The Royal Asiatic Society. † Concise Oxford Dictionary records Quran in three forms—Quran, Qur’an and Koran.