Approaching the West — Page 208
A pproaching the West—208 Sal ā m, Dr ‘Abdus: The first Muslim from Pakistan to win the Nobel Prize in Theoretical Physics in 1979. ṣ allall ā hu ‘alaihi wa sallam ×û÷Ç÷r ÷ Ü ù çüê÷Ç÷± ø ÓC ë÷ûÇ÷z : peace and blessings of All ā h be on him. Shah ī d: Martyr; also, witness Shar ī ‘ah ç÷²üéùn÷v : (Islamic) jurisprudence, divine law, code, law. Sh ī ‘ah: A Muslim sect ascribing succession after Mu ḥ ammad (peace and blessings of All ā h be on him) to ‘Al ī (may All ā h be pleased with him). Shirk Áünùv : Association of aught as partner in person and attributes to God. Sh ū r ā : advisory council Ṣū f ī : A follower of Sufism. Sufism: Being a Ṣū f ī. A simple life of righteousness and service to the cause of man and God. Sunn ī : Traditionists. A sect of Islam. S ū rah ä÷müÝør : A chapter of the Holy Qur’ ā n. There are 114 S ū rahs (chapters)—of various lengths—in the Holy Qur’ ā n. Ta‘l ī m: education tabl ī gh ¸üêùÇüM÷P : preaching, propagation Tanakh: Jewish Bible tarbiyat, tarbiyah R÷êùLün÷P : training Tauh ī d: Unity of God ‘ulam ā D÷Ö÷Çø± : (religious) scholars. Plural of ‘ ā lim, a (religious) scholar. {ulema}. ‘Ulama is already a plural so it will be wrong to add an s to it (‘ulamas) to make its plural. ‘ulema: see ‘ulam ā ‘Umar ibn al-Kha ṭṭā b: The second successor to the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of All ā h be on him) Ummah, Ummat ö÷ûÕøC : nation, people. ‘Uthm ā n bin ‘Aff ā n Ḥ a ḍ rat (All ā h be pleased with him): The third successor to the Holy Prophet, Mu ḥ ammad, peace and blessings of Allah be on him. Vedas: Ancient Hindu texts. Wahh ā b ī : Muslim sect founded by Mu ḥ ammad bin ‘Abdul- Wahh ā b in the eighteenth century.