Through Force or Faith? — Page 318
?— A Reply to Pope Benedict XVI 318 Jizya A tax paid in lieu of military service by non-Muslims living in a Muslim State. Ka‘ba House of God in Makkah. Khalifah Caliph is derived from the Arabic word khal i fah, which means ‘successor’. In Islamic termi- nology, the term righteous khal i fah is applied to each of the first four khulaf a ’ who continued the mis- sion of Hadrat Muhammad s as , the Holy Prophet of Islam. Ahmad i Muslims refer to a successor of the Promised Messiah as as Khal i fatul- Mas ih. pl. Khulaf a ’. Khalifatul Masih see Khalifah. Khilafat The institution of succes- sorship in Islam Mahd i ‘The guided one. ’ This is the title given by the Holy Prophet Muhammad s as to the awaited Re- former of the Latter Days. Maulaw i ‘My master’. Used for Muslim religious clerics. Plural is Maulaw i s. Maulaw i s see Maulaw i. Muj a hid One who strives in the cause of faith. Mullahs Plural of Mullah. A Mullah is a Muslim religious cleric. Nafs A term in Arabic that literally means 'self '. Quraish The leading tribe in Mak- kah during the time of the Holy Prophet Muhammad sas , who also belonged to the Quraish. They were also the most bitter in oppo- sition to the Holy Prophet sas. Quran The final and perfect Scrip- ture revealed by Allah for the guid- ance of mankind for all times to come. It was revealed word-by- word to the Holy Prophet Mu- hammad s as over a period of twen- ty-three years. Ra hi m Means that Allah rewards good actions with gracious rewards and does not let anyone’s efforts go waste. On account of this attrib- ute, Allah is called Ra hi m and this attribute is called Ra hi miyyat. Ra h m a n Means that before the coming into being of creatures and their actions, out of Allah's pure grace and in consequence of no ac- tion of anyone, He makes provi- sion for the comfort of everyone; as for instance, He made the sun and the earth and all other things for our use before any action pro- ceeded from us. This bounty is called in the Book of God Ra h- m a niyyat, and on account of this attribute, God Almighty is called Ra h m a n.