Refutation of the Doctrine of Transmigration — Page 45
Refutation of the Doctrine of Trasmigration 45 ض d – similar to the English th in this. ط t – strongly articulated palatal t. ظ z – strongly articulated z. ع ‘ – a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. غ gh – a sound similar to the French r in grasseye, and to the German r. It requires the muscles of the throat to be in the ‘gargling’ position to pronounce it. ق q – a deep guttural k sound. ء ’ – a sort of catch in the voice. Long vowels by: a for __ ٰ ___ or آ (like a in father ). i for ی __ ِ ___ or __ ٖ ___ (like ee in deep ). u for و __ ُ ___ (like oo in root ). Other vowels by: ai for ی __ َ ___ (like i in site ). au for و __ َ ___ (resembling ou in sound ). The consonants not included in the above list have the same pho - netic value as in the principal languages of Europe. As noted above, the single quotation mark ‘ is used for transliterating ع which is distinct from the apostrophe ’ used for ء. Terms which may not be familiar to the Western reader are italicized in the text and defined in the Glossary. We have not transliterated some Arabic words which have become part of