مسلمانوں کا نیوٹن ۔ ڈاکٹر عبدالسلام — Page 398
388 became disillusioned۔He hated the isolation, and was unable to convince his peers and superiors of the importance of research۔All the while, Cambridge was quite keen to take him back۔Salam was faced with a dilemma: he did not want to leave, but knew۔he would be wasted if he stayed۔A wave of anti-Ahmadiyya riots in 1953 clinched it, says Salam's biographer Jagjit Singh۔Salam felt unsafe and Cambridge beckoned۔It was at this point that he promised himself that no other outstanding' Pakistani student should ever be forced to choose between home and abroad۔For three years, Salam was Stokes lecturer in Mathematics in St۔John's College, Cambridge, on a total salary of 950 pounds per annum۔He fulfilled his three-year contract, before being asked to set up the department of theoretical physics at Imperial College in London, and the chance to pursue research more or less full time۔Salam was now a full professor, his salary had trebled, and he was only 31۔Salam's successes had, upto this point, gone largely unnoticed in Pakistan۔But later that year Mian Iftikhar al-din, a Pakistani politician on his summer holiday to Europe came across Salam, and found it difficult to comprehend that a young Pakistani could be made a professor at the University of London۔Iftikharuddin also owned the Pakistan Times, the establishment daily newspaper, & published a large article on Salam on his return۔Salam had at last ‘arrived' in the country of his birth, but it would be an unhappy and often stormy relationship۔Scientific advisor Salam began to represent Pakistan on various intergovernmental science bodies, and it was not long before the country's military president, Gen Ayub Khan, asked him to become chief scientific advisor۔Salam had high hopes with this appointment, despite the fact he was still based in London, and was also planning to set up a research center for Third World physicists in Italy۔These hopes were soon dashed۔His calls for more money to be spent on science and education failed to wash on a political elite keen to maintain the feudal status quo۔He brought a high-powered team of scientists assembled by his friend Jerry Wiesner, US president John Kennedy" science adviser, to investigate ways of alleviating Pakistan's chronic water, logging and salinity problems۔But the government rejected the proposed solutions as too expensive۔Salam also set up a space and upper atmosphere research commission, which remains in the doldrums through lack of funds۔Salam's influence was thus restricted to nuclear energy and physics۔Even here, he fell out with Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto, Prime Minister from 1971-1977, over the latter's plans to turn Pakistan into a nuclear weapons state, which Salam, a staunch anti-nuclear campaigner, bitterly opposed۔As a result, ordinary Pakistani citizens are full of praise for a man called Abdul Qadeer Khan, who gave Pakistan the capability to build a nuclear bomb, and not Salam, who refused۔Salam's religion remains a major reason for his checkered record in Pakistan۔Fearful of sparking off anti-Ahmadiyya riots, governments since 1974- when Ahmadiyyas were expelled from Islam - have steered clear of Salam, rarely mentioning his name in public۔No senior government official was present at his funeral۔Salam himself resigned the chief scientist's job in protest at the expulsion۔The government refused to nominate him for the job of director general of UNESCO, despite Salam being the clear favorite۔The Italian government offered to