Malfuzat - Volume VIII — Page xxvii
Publisher’s Note xxvii ق ق q – a deep guttural k sound. ء ء ’ – a sort of catch in the voice. Short vowels are represented by: a for __ َ ___ (like u in bud ). i for __ ِ ___ (like i in bid ). u for __ ُ ___ (like oo in wood ). Long vowels by: a for __ ٰ ٰ ___ or آ آ (like a in father ). i for ی ی __ ِ ___ or __ ٖ ___ (like ee in deep ). u for و و __ ُ ___ (like oo in root ). Other vowels by: ai for ی ی __ َ ___ (like i in site ). au for و و __ َ ___ (resembling ou in sound ). The consonants not included in the above list have the same phonetic value as in the principal languages of Europe. While the Arabic ن ن is represented by n, we have indicated the Urdu ں ں as ń. As noted above, the single quotation mark ‘ is used for transliterating ع ع which is distinct from the apostrophe ’ used for ء ء. We have not transliterated some Arabic words which have become part of the English language, e. g. Islam, Quran, Hadith, Mahdi, jihad, Ramadan, and ummah. The Royal Asiatic Society’s rules of transliter- ation for names of persons, places, and other terms, are not followed throughout the book as many of the names contain non-Arabic charac- ters and carry a local transliteration and pronunciation style.