The Essence of Islam – Volume I — Page xvii
Publishers' Note ḥ, a guttural aspirate, stronger than h. ح خ ذ kh, pronounced like the Scotch ch in 'loch. " xvii 30 ض b +9 ظ ع غ dh, pronounced like the English th in 'that. ' s, strongly articulated s. ḍ, similar to the English th in 'this. ' t, strongly articulated palatal t. 2, strongly articulated z. , a strong guttural, the pronunciation of which must be learnt by the ear. gh, a sound approached very nearly in the r ‘grasseye' in French, and in the German r. It re quires the muscles of the throat to be in the gargling position whilst pronouncing it. q, a deep guttural k sound. . S a sort of catch in the voice. . Short vowels are represented by a for _ (like u in 'bud'); i for (like i in 'bid'); u for * (like oo in 'wood'); the long vowels by a for or Ĭ (like a in 'father'); i for Sor (like ee in 'deep'); ai for S 9 (like oo in 'root'): au for, 9 'sound'). (like i in 'site'); ū for (resembling ou in