Basics of Religious Education — Page 228
228 228 228 228 228 B ASICS OF R ELIGIOUS E DUCATION - F IFTH E DITION In 628 A. D. , the Holy Prophet sa , after seeing in a dream that he visited the Ka`bah, made up his mind to perform ` Umrah. In February (month of Dhul- Qa`dah), he left Medina for Mecca, with nearly 1400 of his companions. He camped at Hudaibiyah, a place near Mecca. The Quraish were not willing to allow the Muslims to enter Mecca, and sent a strong force to intercept the Muslims. The Holy Prophet sa , sent Hadrat `Uthman ra as his messenger to the Quraish, to inform them that the Muslims wanted to perform `Umrah only. But a rumour that Hadrat `Uthman ra had been killed by the Quraish extremely disturbed the Holy Prophet sa and his companions. He sat down under a tree and invited his companions to take an oath called Bai`at-e Ridwaan. They all took the oath in complete submission and resolved to sacrifice their lives for the cause of Islam. The Quraish, on hearing of this pledge became flexible, and an agreement for a period of ten years was reached between the two sides, known as the ‘Truce of Hudaibiyah’. The conditions of this truce were apparently one-sided and seemed even humiliating for the Muslims. But in fact this paved the way for final victory over Mecca. After the Truce of Hudaibiyah, the Holy Prophet sa sent his envoys, with letters from him, to various kings such as: Heraclius, the Roman Emperor, the Emperor (Kisra) of Iran, the Ruler of Egypt, Najjashi, the King of Abyssinia, the Chief of Bahrain and many other rulers and tribal chiefs. Through these letters, all the rulers were invited to accept Islam. Many rulers, like the Heraclius of Rome and Najjashi of Abyssinia showed great respect and understanding for the letters. The chief of Bahrain even accepted Islam. There were some rulers, especially the Emperor of Iran, who received these letters with great arrogance and hostility. He tore the letter into pieces and issued orders for the arrest of the Holy Prophet sa. But he was soon overthrown and murdered by his own son, who cancelled these orders. After the Truce of Hudaibiyah, the Holy Prophet sa came to know that the Jews at Khyber were preparing to attack the Muslims. The Holy Prophet sa with 1600 of his followers, marched towards Khyber and captured their strongholds after fierce fighting. A Jewish woman presented a gift of poisoned meat to the Prophet sa and hoped to poison him to death. On the request of the Jews, the Prophet sa not only forgave them but also returned their land and gave them complete freedom. However, a land tax was imposed on them. Despite his kind behaviour, the Jews were not at all faithful. Bai`at-e Ridwaan and the Truce of Hudaibiyah (628 A. D. ; 6 A. H. ) Invitations to Kings to Accept Islam (628 A. D. , Muharram 6 A. H. ) The Battle of Khyber (March 628 A. D. , Muharram, 7 A. H) H H H H H OL OL OL OL OLY Y Y Y Y P P P P P ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET SA SA SA SA SA AND AND AND AND AND S S S S S UCCESSORS UCCESSORS UCCESSORS UCCESSORS UCCESSORS — L — L — L — L — L IFE IFE IFE IFE IFE OF OF OF OF OF H H H H H O L O L O L O L O LY Y Y Y Y P P P P P ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET ROPHET SA SA SA SA SA 6. 1 6. 1 6. 1 6. 1 6. 1